KMS XINJIANG INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY，CAS
| 新疆屯垦文化与旅游开发模式研究 | |
| 张春香 | |
| Subtype | 博士 |
| Thesis Advisor | 杨兆萍 |
| 2017-05-01 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院大学 |
| Place of Conferral | 新疆乌鲁木齐 |
| Degree Discipline | 理学博士 |
| Keyword | 屯垦文化 资源分类体系 资源评价体系 旅游开发模式 新疆生产建设兵团 Cultivating And Guarding Culture Type Classification Evaluation System Tourism Develop Ment Model Xinjiang Production And Construction Corps |
| Abstract | 屯垦文化是具有高度爱国主义精神、兼收并蓄气度、独一无二的地域文化。鲜明的特征使屯垦文化形成了强大的吸引力，激发了人们的好奇心和旅游动机。作为旅游活动的重要资源，屯垦文化及遗产具有巨大的旅游产业价值。本研究构建的屯垦文化旅游资源分类及评价体系合理、普适，研究结论不仅为屯垦文化旅游资源的研究提供定量研究的方法与思路，也为屯垦文化旅游开发提供了重要的参考依据。主要研究内容如下：1.分析汉晋、隋唐、清代民国及新中国等历史阶段屯垦文化形成、变迁及特征；丰富的聚落、语言、制度等屯垦文化景观使屯垦文化内涵丰富,旅游吸引力大。2.提出了屯垦文化旅游资源分类方案：（1）按照资源性质将屯垦文化旅游资源划分为物质文化类和非物质文化类 2 个主类。（2）根据资源赋存状态与主导要素分为 10 个亚类。（3）按照景观单元及成因确定 56 个基本类型。3.非物质类屯垦文化旅游资源类型结构特征和空间分布特征。（1）非物质文化遗产：类型数量来看，民俗类非遗项目（13 项/26.53%）、传统（手工）技艺类(9 项/18.36%)最多。空间分布方面，集中分布在北疆与东疆地区，其中察布查尔县（14项/28.57%）最多。（2）旅游节庆：类型数量来看，物产餐饮型>自然景观型>民俗风情、娱乐游憩型>综合型>历史文化型>博览会展型、运动休闲型。从空间分布来看，昌吉州数量最多。从时间分布来看，多集中于 6-8 月底，占全年节庆的 42.2%。4.物质类屯垦文化资源类型结构和空间分布特征。（1）历史遗址遗迹类资源涵盖各种类型。其中，古遗址（137 处/68.2%），古建筑(25 处/12.4%)，近现代重要建筑(23 处/11.4%)所占比重较大多。空间分布呈明显的带状、凝聚型分布，主要集中在丝绸之路北道、中道、南道、伊犁河谷 4 条集聚带上。（2）博物馆类：自治区博物馆中综合性博物馆最多（74 家/84.1%），呈现整体分散的空间分布特征。兵团 88 个博物馆集中分布在天山北麓一带、塔城地区、伊犁地区、阿克苏地区、巴州及和田地区，具有“整体分散，局部集中”的空间分布格局。5.运用特尔非法，从屯垦文化价值及旅游资源要素价值、自然社会环境，开发条件 3 个方面构建屯垦文化旅游资源综合评价指标评体系。通过层次分析法分析得出，屯垦历史文化及观赏游憩价值权重值（0.69）最大，是吸引游客的物质基础。以新疆生产建设兵团为例进行实证研究分析得出，目前兵团屯垦文化旅游资源的资源品质特征是“两头小中间大”，即 I 级资源（6 个/15.8%）<Ⅱ级资源(20 个/52.6%)>Ⅲ级资源（2 个/1.6%）。在类型数量结构上，产业休闲类旅游资源>文化场馆类和人文综合类>历史遗址遗迹类。呈现出南北疆的不均衡的空间分布特征。6.从微观、宏观、中观三个尺度提出博物馆、5A 屯垦名城（镇）、遗址公园、特色街区等屯垦文化旅游开发模式。针对非物质文化遗产资源提出遗产研习中心开发模式。 |
| Other Abstract | Cultivating and guarding culture is referred to as “the world's unique, colorful culture”, which has the characteristics of highly patriotic spirit and eclectic. As an important resource of tourism activities, cultivating and guarding culture and its heritages have huge Value in tourism industry. This study constructs the classification system, reveals the factors of cultivating and guarding tourism resources and the corresponding weight. The research conclusions not only provide a new way and method to evaluate cultivating and guarding tourism resources，but also show an important reference basis for cultivating and guarding tourism development. 1. This article analyses the formation, change , characteristics and landscape of cultivating and guarding culture. Distinctive characteristics of cultivating and guarding culture has formed strong attractions, which inspired people's curiosity and tourist motives. 2.In this study，we define the conceptions of cultivating and guarding culture and cultivating and guarding tourism resources , propose the classification system of cultivating and guarding tourism resources. In detail , the cultivating and guarding tourism resources can be classified into 2 main types,10 subtypes and 56 base types . 3. The style structure and distribution characteristics of intangible cultural of cultivating and guarding tourism resources:(1) the traditional folk and traditional (manual) skills items are more in all the intangible cultural heritages of cultivating and guarding tourism resources. The spatial distribution consentrate in northern and eastern of Xinjiang region intensively, especially in Chabuchar County .(2) Types of tourism festivals are abundant and Mainly concentrated in June to August. 4. The style structure and distribution characteristics of tangible cultural of cultivating and guarding tourism resources:(1)Types of historical site in Xinjiang are abundant, the number of ancient ruins(137/68.2%),ancient architectural structures(25/12.4%), modern and contemporary architectures(23/11.4%)are more.The spatial distributional pattern may be best characterized as“dispersion overall，aggregation in local”. Xinjiang can be divided into five cultural heritage regions: The Southern, Middle and Northern road of The Silk Road, the Ili River Valley. (2) The distribution characteristic of museums is dispersion overall in autonomous region and XPCC. 5.In this paper, the tourism resource evaluation indicator system of cultivating and guarding resources has been built from the aspects of the value of cultivating and guarding culture and tourism resources，natural and social environment，regional development conditions by the methods of Delphi and Analytical Hierarchy Process. According to the weight index from large to small in the built evaluation system，the 3 sort layers are indicated as follows: the value of cultivating and guarding culture and tourism resources（0.69），natural and social environment（0.2），regional development conditions（0.16）.Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC)was selected as the case study area，and the main conclusions of the study as follows：The comprehensive development lever of cultivating and guarding tourism resource is divided into I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ from high to low，the proportions of cultivating and guarding tourism resources of XPCC in each level are 15.8%, 52.6%, 31.6%.The type construction percentage of industry leisure, culture stadium, combined humanities and historical sites is 39.5%、26.3%、23.7%、10.5% respectively. The tourism development lever of cultivating and guarding tourism resources is out-of-balance in south and north XPCC. 6. According to the development scale, this article proposes Museum model in micro-scale, 5A comprehensive tourism model in macro-scale. Relics Park model and Culture District model in meso-scale.Also this article proposes Training institute model of intangible cultural heritage tourisem resourses. |
| Subject Area | 人文地理学 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/14794 |
| Collection | 研究系统_荒漠环境研究室 研究系统_空间对地观测与系统模拟研究室 |
| Affiliation | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 张春香. 新疆屯垦文化与旅游开发模式研究[D]. 新疆乌鲁木齐. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
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