KMS XINJIANG INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY，CAS
| 基于 GIS 和遥感技术的吉尔吉斯斯坦伊塞克克生物圈保护区环境动态监测研究 | |
| Mukabaev Askat | |
| Subtype | 硕士 |
| Thesis Advisor | 周可法(Zhou Kefa) |
| 2017-05-01 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院大学 |
| Place of Conferral | 新疆乌鲁木齐 |
| Degree Discipline | 理学硕士 |
| Keyword | 吉尔吉斯斯坦 生物圈保护 伊塞克湖州 Lucc Landsat Gis 遥感 Kyrgyzstan Biosphere Reserve Issyk-kul Oblast Lucc Landsat Gis Remote Sensing |
| Abstract | 伊塞克湖位于吉尔吉斯斯坦东部，该区北部和东北部与哈撒克斯坦边界临近，东部和东南部与中国临近，从西部和西南部的Naryn州延伸到西北部的Chui州。整个区域主要分为两个部分。伊塞克峡谷和伊塞克湖被从南到北的山区围绕，整个区域地形复杂，伊塞克峡谷北边是Kungei，南边是Teskey Ala-Too，峡谷的中部是伊塞克湖和毗邻的平原。高山环绕着盆地，阻止了大量北极的冷空气以及来自中亚沙漠的热气流。在2001年9月制定的UNESCO“人和生物圈”计划框架内，伊塞克州被纳入世界生物圈保护网络之内。伊塞克生物圈的总占地面积大于4.31万平方公里。伊塞克湖长约160公里，宽60公里，海拔为1600米。该地区最高山峰达到7500米，常年被雪和冰川覆盖。本研究区内具有很高的动植物多样性，其中一些物种被收录在吉尔吉斯斯坦共和国红色名录。伊塞克湖地区是中亚唯一一个生物圈保护区。本研究工作的一个重要问题是定性和定量变化。本研究中，我们收集到1999和2015年伊塞克湖耕作区土地利用类型数据集。这些信息来自陆地卫星TM遥感影像的OLI产品，数据处理平台为ArcGIS 10.1。对遥感影像进行分类，共分成6个自定义土地类型：水体、农业用地、混交林地、牧场、荒地和常年冰雪区。在1999年，最广泛的土地利用类型分别为牧场占地6088.5公顷（26.2%），荒地占4578.5公顷（19.7%），农业用地4195.4公顷（18.1%），混交林占地1277.8公顷（5.5%），常年冰雪区925.8公顷（4%），水体占6132.1公顷（26.4%）。在2015年，牧场占地5360.9公顷（23.1%），荒地占4725.7公顷（20.4%），农业用地5135公顷（22.1%），混交林占地986.2公顷（4.3%），常年冰雪区896.8公顷（4%），水体占6093.4（26.3%）。从1999年到2015年，水体面积减少了38.7公顷（-0.2%），农业用地增加了939.7公顷（4.1%），混交林面积减少了291.6公顷（-1.3%），牧草地减少727.6公顷（-3.1%），荒地增加了147.2公顷（0.6%），常年冰雪减少了28.9公顷（-0.1%）。基于本研究，我们认为综合使用遥感和GIS技术能够有力支撑农业土地管理和监测，最终改善土地利用规划。 |
| Other Abstract | The Issyk-Kul region is located in the eastern part of Kyrgyzstan. From the north and from the north-east the region borders with Kazakhstan, from the east and from the south-east with China, from the west and from the south-west from the Naryn oblast from the north-west to the Chui oblast. The territory of the region consists mainly of two parts. This Issyk-Kul Valley and Issyk-Kul Lake are surrounded by mountains from the north and south. The relief as a whole is complex, the Issyk-Kul valley is surrounded from the north by Kungei and from the south by Teskey Ala-Too. The central part of the valley is occupied by Lake Issyk-Kul with adjoining plains. The high mountain ranges surrounding the basin protect the lake from the cold arctic air masses and from the hot breath of the Central Asian deserts. Within the framework of UNESCO "Man and the Biosphere" program in September 2001, the Issyk-Kul oblast was generally included in the worldwide network of biosphere reserves. The total area of the Issyk-Kul biosphere territory is more than 43.1 thousand square kilometers. The lake is drain less, the length is 160 km, the width is up to 60 km, is located at an altitude of 1600 meters above sea level. Individual peaks reach 7,500 meters and are covered with snow and glaciers. Flora and fauna of the reserve very diverse, including species listed in the Red Book of the Kyrgyz Republic. Issyk-Kul is the only one biosphere reserve in Central Asia. One of the important problems of this work is the study of quantitative and qualitative changes in the earth. In this study, we present two sets of land use / land cover data in the Issyk-Kul agrarian zone (hollows) for 1999 and 2015. The information we provided was obtained from Landsat TM and Landsat OLI and processed using ArcGIS 10.1 software. Each image was classified individually from six custom-class lands: water body, agriculture, mixed forests, pastures, wastelands and perennial snow / ice. In 1999, the most extensive type of land use in the area of research, respectively, land for pastures accounted for about 6088.5 hectares, (26.2%); and 4578.5 ha (19.7%) of barren land; and agriculture occupied 4195.4 hectares (18.1%) of the total area. Land use under the mixed forest occupied 1277.8 hectares (5.5%); perennial snow /ice occupied 925.8 hectares (4.0%) and water bodies covered 6132.1 ha (26.4%) respectively. In 2015, land for pasture is 5360.9 hectares (23.1%) of the total area, barren land increased by 4,725.7 hectares (20.4%); agriculture occupies 5135.0 hectares (22.1%), respectively, land use under mixed forest occupied 986.2 hectares (4.3%); Perennial snow / ice occupies 896.8 hectares (3.9%) and water bodies are covered by 6093.4 ha (26.3%) of the region, respectively. From 1999 to 2015, the area of water bodies decreased by 38.7 hectares (-0.2%); The agricultural area increased by 939.7 hectares (4.1%); Mixed forest decreased by 291.6 hectares (-1.3%); The grass cover decreased by 727.6 hectares (-3.1%); Of barren land increased by 147.2 hectares (0.6%); and perennial snow / ice decreased by 28.9 hectares (- 0.1%). On the basis of the conducted studies, we propose: to apply the use of remote sensing of land and GIS-technologies for management and monitoring of agro landscapes for improving land use. |
| Subject Area | 地图学与地理信息系统 |
| Language | 英语 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/14800 |
| Collection | 研究系统_荒漠环境研究室 |
| Affiliation | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Mukabaev Askat. 基于 GIS 和遥感技术的吉尔吉斯斯坦伊塞克克生物圈保护区环境动态监测研究[D]. 新疆乌鲁木齐. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
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