KMS XINJIANG INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY,CAS
中国天山地区常见植物的 DNA 条形码研究 | |
Alternative Title | Comparison of Species Resolution Rates of DNA Barcoding for Chinese Tianshan Mountains Plants |
刘彦廷 | |
Subtype | 硕士 |
Thesis Advisor | 张明理 ; 张道远 |
2019-06-30 | |
Degree Grantor | 中国科学院大学 |
Place of Conferral | 北京 |
Degree Discipline | 理学硕士 |
Keyword | DNA 条形码 BLAST DNA 条形码树 物种识别率 DNA barcodes BLAST DNA barcoding trees Species resolution |
Abstract | DNA 条形码指基因组中长度较短的标准化基因片段。自从这一概念被提出以来,它被广泛的应用于植物物种识别中,特别是在热带,如中美洲,北非等地区,但对温带地区植物种类的鉴定关注较少。本文运用叶绿体编码区片段 rbcL,matK,非编码区片段 trnH-psbA 以及核基因片段 ITS,对中国天山地区的常见植物物种进行识别。 通过基于序列相似性(similarity-based) 方法以及 DNA 条形码树(tree-based) 方法,对不同条形码或不同条形码组合的识别效率进行比较,并最终筛选用于天山地区常见种的最优条形码/条形码组合。结果如下:(1.) 本研究包含了天山地区常见的建群种、优势种和伴生种植物共 307 种,分属于 54 科 206 属。 其中,野外实地调查并采样, 提取 DNA 样本 257 份并送公司测序。 PCR 扩增成功率上, rbcL 为 86.38%(222/257), matK 为 72.37%(186/257), trnH-psbA 为 94.55%(243/257), ITS 为 93.00%(239/257)。 测序成功率上, rbcL 为 99.55%(221/222), matK 为 94.62%(176/186), trnH-psbA为 97.94%(238/243), ITS 为 89.96%(215/239)。(2.) 从 Genbank 数据库网站(NCBI/EBI) 下载序列 2356 条,平均每个序列片段 589 条。 结合上述测序数据, 对不同 DNA 条形码/条形码组合进行物种识别率分析。结果表明, 针对序列相似性方法的物种识别率上(BLAST 比较), rbcL为 51.27%(科) /48.10%(属), matK 为 67.09%(科) /63.29%(属), trnH-psbA为 48.73%(科) /48.73%(属), ITS 为 50.60%(科) /48.70%(属),且所有条形码/条形码组合在种水平的识别率均较低,不足 20%; 而基于 DNA 条形码树方法的物种识别率上, 联合数据所绘制的最大似然树中(ML 树), 四种 DNA 条形码的组合,即 rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA+ITS 在种、 属、 科水平的分辨率均为最高, 分别为 85.34%, 95.15%及 100%。而在三种组合情况下,种、属、科水平的识别率均有不同程度的下降,如 rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA 树在种、属、科水平的分辨率分别为 82.74%,91.26%及 100%,而 rbcL+matK+ITS树分辨率分别为 84.36%,91.75%及 100%。 在联合数据绘制的贝叶斯树中, rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA+ITS 与rbcL+matK+ITS 条形码树的分辨率近似,种一级为 84.04%与 83.71%,属一级均为 95.63% , 科 一 级 均 为 100% 。 综 上 所 述 , 我 们 推 荐 联 合 条 形 码rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA+ITS 为中国天山地区常见植物的识别条形码。 |
Other Abstract | DNA barcoding refers to short standardized gene fragments in the genome. Sincethe concept was proposed, it has been widely used in plant species identification,especially in tropical regions, such as Central America and North Africa, but lessattention has been paid to the identification of plant species in temperate regions. Inthis paper, chloroplast coding region fragments rbcL, matK, non-coding regionfragment trnH-psbA and nuclear gene fragment ITS was used to identify plantsamples in Tianshan region of China (experimental data and downloaded data(NCBI/EBI). The total number of DNA extracted from the experiment was 257,including all plant species collected in the field survey. The success rate of PCRamplification was 86.38% (222/257) for rbcL, 72.37% (186/257) for matK, 94.55%(243/257) for trnH-psbA and 93.00% (239/257) for ITS. The success rate of fragmentsequence was 99.55% (221/222) for rbcL, 94.62% (176/186) for matK, 97.94%(238/243) for trnH-psbA and 89.96% (215/239) for ITS. Subsequently, 2356sequences were downloaded from the database website (NCBI/EBI), 589 of whicheach contained 307 species of plants, belonging to 206 genera and 54 families. ForBLAST analysis, the family and genus recognition rate of rbcL was 51.27%/48.10%,seperately, matK was 67.09%/63.29%, trnH-psbA was 48.73%/48.73%, and ITS was50.60%/48.70%. The maximum likelihood barcode tree (ML) generated from thecombined data of rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA+ITS, has the highest resolution rate inspecies/genus/families level, with rate of 85.34%, 95.15% and 100% seperately. Inaddition, the resolution of rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA tree and rbcL+matK+ITS tree atthe family level is 100%, but at the generic level it decreases to 91.26% and 91.75%,and at the species level it decreases to 82.74% and 84.36%. In the Bayesian treeplotted by combined data, the resolution of rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA+ITS andrbcL+matK+ITS barcode trees was similar, the species level is 84.04% and 83.71%,the genus level is 95.63%, and the family level is 100%. In summary, we recommend the joint barcode, rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA+ITS, was the best for identification ofcommon plants in Tianshan area of China. |
Subject Area | 植物学 |
Language | 中文 |
Document Type | 学位论文 |
Identifier | http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/15342 |
Collection | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 研究系统 |
Affiliation | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
First Author Affilication | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 刘彦廷. 中国天山地区常见植物的 DNA 条形码研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2019. |
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