KMS XINJIANG INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY，CAS
| 盐酸舍曲林对水生微生物群落的生态毒性 | |
| Alternative Title | Ecotoxicity of sertraline hydrochloride on aquatic microbial community |
| 杨肇鹏 | |
| Subtype | 硕士 |
| Thesis Advisor | 钱海丰 ; 潘响亮 |
| 2019-06-30 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院大学 |
| Place of Conferral | 北京 |
| Degree Discipline | 工程硕士 |
| Keyword | 盐酸舍曲林 抗抑郁剂 微生物群落 蓝藻 生态毒性 Sertraline hydrochloride Antidepressants Microbial community Cyanobacteria Ecotoxicity |
| Abstract | 盐酸舍曲林是医学上一种广泛使用的抗抑郁剂， 在生产过程的外泄和生物体的不完全代谢排泄导致其在环境中积累，并在环境水样中常被检测出，成为一种颇受关注的新型环境污染物。但目前对盐酸舍曲林影响水生微生物生态的认识较为缺乏。为研究盐酸舍曲林如何扰动水生微生物群落结构，评估其在水生环境中的生态风险，本论文运用 16/18S rRNA 高通量测序技术，探究了盐酸舍曲林对水生微生物群落结构的影响。盐酸舍曲林对两种模式藻（小球藻-真核绿藻，铜绿微囊藻-原核蓝藻）的生长有明显的抑制作用；当处理浓度为 100 μg L-1 时，盐酸舍曲林对两种藻的生长抑制率大约达到 27.1%。在实验室培养的微宇宙研究中，盐酸舍曲林降低了叶绿素 a 的整体浓度，从而降低藻类的光合作用效率；但处理组与对照组间 pH 和电导率差异不大，表明盐酸舍曲林对水质的影响并不大；藻青蛋白含量在处理组与对照组间也未产生显著性差异， 表明在微宇宙中蓝藻的总体生长没有受到盐酸舍曲林明显抑制；硝态氮和总磷含量呈下降趋势，反映出微宇宙中的微生物群落在不断消耗硝态氮和总磷；而盐酸舍曲林处理组的硝态氮含量高于对照组，这可能是由于盐酸舍曲林对微生物群落的抑制。从原核微生物的主成分分析结果显示， 盐酸舍曲林处理组的细菌群落结构与对照组不同。在第五天的对照组中，主要原核物种有 Methylophilales（53.50%）、Subsection III（8.91%）、 Pseudomonadales（7.21%）、 Rhodobacterales（7.15%）、Sphingobacteriales（6.52%）。盐酸舍曲林抑制了 Subsection III 的生长，但却对Methylophilales 的生长有所促进；而且，盐酸舍曲林对不同种类的蓝藻（SubsectionI 、 Subsection III）产生的影响不同，具有选择性。从真核微生物的主成分分析结果显示，第五天处理组的真核微生物群落结构与对照组不同，而两组间的差异在第十天和第十五天时有所降低。在第五天的对照组中，主要真核物种有Cryptomycota（18.04%）、 Nucleariida（13.82%）、 Rotifera（5.76%）、 Ascomycota（3.12%）；而处理组中的 Cryptomycota、 Basidiomycota 和 Ascomycota 相对丰度均高于对照组； 当处理到第十天和第十五天时， Nucleariida 的相对丰度超过 94%，成为了占优势的真核微生物，其它多个真核物种丰度有所下降，表明盐酸舍曲林对原核微生物群落与真核微生物群落均会产生影响。宏转录组分析结果表明， 盐酸舍曲林对浮游生物群落的基因表达产生了巨大的影响， 4 万个基因和 118 个代谢通路的相对表达量都发生了显著性的上调或者下调，其中盐酸舍曲林对 DNA 复制，转录，翻译没有显著的影响，但极大的影响了微生物群落的信号转导以及辅因子和维生素代谢这两类通路。这些结果显示了微生物群落对盐酸舍曲林的特殊响应模式。盐酸舍曲林的大量生产与使用使其继续在环境中存在， 成为一种环境污染物。本研究阐述了盐酸舍曲林影响水生微生物的相关机制和潜在生态风险， 提请人们对这些有生物活性的污染物对水生环境的负面效应给予更多的关注与警惕。 |
| Other Abstract | Sertraline hydrochloride is a widely used antidepressant in medicine, whichaccumulates in the environment due to the leakage in the production process and theincomplete metabolism and excretion of organisms, and is often detected inenvironmental water samples, becoming a new type of environmental pollutant thatattracts much attention. However, the current understanding of sertralinehydrochloride on the impact of aquatic microbial ecology is relatively lacking.In orderto study how sertraline hydrochloride can disturb the structure of aquatic microbialcommunity and evaluate its ecological risk in the aquatic environment, this paper used16/18s rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the effect ofsertraline hydrochloride on the structure of aquatic microbial community.Sertraline hydrochloride inhibited the growth of two types of algae (chlorella -eukaryotic green algae, microcystis aeruginosa - prokaryotic cyanobacteria).When theconcentration was 100μg L-1, the growth inhibition rate of sertraline hydrochloridereached 27.1%.In laboratory-grown microcosmic studies, sertraline hydrochloridereduces the overall concentration of chlorophyll a, thereby reducing thephotosynthetic efficiency of algae.However, there was no significant difference in pHand conductivity between the treatment group and the control group, indicating thatsertraline hydrochloride had little effect on water quality.There was no significantdifference in the content of cyanobacteria between the treatment group and the controlgroup, indicating that the growth of cyanobacteria in microuniverse was notsignificantly inhibited by sertraline hydrochloride.The contents of nitrate nitrogen andtotal phosphorus showed a decreasing trend, which reflected that the microbialcommunity in the microcosmos was constantly consuming nitrate nitrogen and totalphosphorus.The nitrate nitrogen content in sertraline hydrochloride treatment groupwas higher than that in control group, which may be due to the inhibition of sertralinehydrochloride on microbial community.The results of principal component analysis of prokaryotes showed that thebacterial community structure of sertraline hydrochloride treatment group wasdifferent from that of control group.In the fifth day of the control group, the mainoriginal nuclear species have Methylophilales (53.50%), Subsection (8.91%),Pseudomonadales III (7.21%), Rhodobacterales (7.15%), Sphingobacteriales(6.52%).Sertraline hydrochloride inhibits the growth of the Subsection III, but it willpromote the growth of the Methylophilales;Of different species of algae and sertralinehydrochloride (Subsection I, Subsection III), the effects of different selective.Theresults of principal component analysis of eukaryotic microorganisms showed that thestructure of eukaryotic microbial community in the treatment group on day 5 wasdifferent from that in the control group, while the difference between the two groupswas reduced on day 10 and 15. In the control group on day 5, Cryptomycota (18.04%),Nucleariida (13.82%), Rotifera (5.76%), and Ascomycota (3.12%) were the maineukaryotic species.The relative abundance of Cryptomycota, Basidiomycota andAscomycota in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group.Whentreated on the 10th and 15th days, the relative abundance of Nucleariida exceeded94%, making it a dominant eukaryotic microorganism, while the abundance of severalother eukaryotic species declined, indicating that sertraline hydrochloride had animpact on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities.Macro-transcriptome analysis showed that sertraline hydrochloride had a greatinfluence on the gene expression of plankton community. The relative expressionlevels of 40,000 genes and 118 metabolic pathways were significantly up-regulated ordown-regulated. Sertraline hydrochloride has no significant effects on DNAreplication, transcription, and translation, but it greatly affected the signaltransduction of microbial communities and the pathways related to cofactor andvitamin metabolism. These results show a special response pattern of microbialcommunities to sertraline hydrochloride.The mass production and use of sertraline hydrochloride make it continue to existin the environment and become an environmental pollutant.This study described themechanism and potential ecological risk of sertraline hydrochloride on aquatic microorganisms, and drew more attention and vigilance to the negative effects ofthese bioactive pollutants on aquatic environment. |
| Subject Area | 环境工程 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/15345 |
| Collection | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 研究系统 |
| Affiliation | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| First Author Affilication | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 杨肇鹏. 盐酸舍曲林对水生微生物群落的生态毒性[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2019. |
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