KMS XINJIANG INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY，CAS
| 阿勒泰地区景观格局与生态系统服务价值分析 | |
| Alternative Title | Analysis of Landscape Pattern and Ecosystem Services Value in Altay Region |
| 孙庆祥 | |
| Subtype | 硕士 |
| Thesis Advisor | 周华荣 |
| 2020-06-30 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院大学 |
| Place of Conferral | 北京 |
| Degree Discipline | 理学硕士 |
| Keyword | 景观格局 生态系统服务价值 相关性分析 阿勒泰地区 landscape pattern ecosystem service value correlation analysis Altay area |
| Abstract | 研究以阿勒泰地区为例， 景观格局为切入点， 采用景观指数对研究区景观格局进行分析； 以修正的当量因子对研究区的生态系统服务价值进行估算， 并利用冷热点分析法对生态系统空间变化进行研究； 采用相关分析和灰色关联分析对景观格局、 生态系统服务价值进行定量化研究； 通过驱动机制的分析， 提出以改善生态系统服务价值为主的景观格局优化策略。 研究结论如下：（1） 阿勒泰地区土地利用类型主要是： 未利用土地和草地， 两者占研究区总面积的 90%以上； 从土地利用类型转移矩阵分析， 研究区转出贡献率最高的是草地， 转出贡献率高达 49.40%； 土地利用动态度分析表明建设用地是整个研究时期内动态度最高的类型， 其次是耕地。（2） 景观格局变化分析表明： 在景观水平， 研究区在 1980-2015 年间斑块数（NP）、 香农多样性指数（SHDI）、 香农均匀度指数（SHEI） 和散布与并列指数（IJI） 均有所增加； 在斑块水平， 研究区内的林地的斑块数量有所减少； 耕地以及建设用地斑块数量增加； 草地的散布与并列指数（IJI） 表现出长期稳定增加的状态； 林地的散布与并列指数（IJI） 基本处于稳定状态， 总体变化幅度不大；建设用地的聚合度指数（AI） 增加。（3） 研究区的生态系统服务价值在 35 年间的生态系统服务价值总量增加0.15×1010 元。 在各个地类中， 草地的生态系统服务价值最大， 所占比例均达到60%以上， 但是在研究时段内总量减少 5.5×106元； 根据对研究区各项生态系统服务价值构成进行分析， 水文调节、 气候调节、 土壤保持、 生物多样性保护， 这四项功能为阿勒泰地区主要的生态系统服务功能； 由研究区的生态系统服务价值空间分异特征可知， 价值量高值区主要分布在研究区各个县市的北部山地区域，价值量低值区主要分布在福海县、 富蕴县以及青河县南部区域； ESV 热点区域主要分布在北部阿尔泰山区域， 冷点区域主要分布在阿勒泰地区的南部荒漠区域。（4） 生态系统服务价值和景观格局相关性分析表明： 由灰色关联分析结果可知， 景观水平指数对研究区生态系统服务价值的影响大小： 斑块数（NP） ＞蔓延度指数（CONTAG） ＞最大斑块指数（LPI） ＞香农均匀度指数（SHEI） ＞散布与并列指（IJI）。 在斑块水平指数对研究区生态系统服务价值影响较大的是：草地斑块、 水域、 耕地以及建设用地的聚集度（AI）、 林地的斑块数（NP）； 景观优化策略： 改善土地利用结构、 提高土地资源利用率、 注重生态源地建设、 加快土地资源科学化管理。 |
| Other Abstract | The study takes the Altay region as an example, and takes the landscape patternas the entry point. The landscape pattern is used to analyze the landscape pattern ofthe study area. The modified equivalent factor is used to estimate the ecosystemservice value of the study area. Study on spatial changes of ecosystems using cold hotspot analysis. Correlation analysis and grey correlation analysis are used toquantitatively study the landscape pattern and ecosystem service value. Throughanalysis of the driving mechanism, a landscape pattern optimization strategy forincreasing ecosystem service value is proposed. The conclusions of the study are asfollows:（ 1） The Altay area is a landscape type mainly composed of unused land andgrassland. The area of the two landscape types accounts for more than 90% of thetotal area of the study area. From the analysis of the land-use landscape type transfermatrix, the highest transfer rate of the study area is grassland. The contribution rate oftransfer-out is as high as 49.40%; the analysis of the dynamics of land use landscapetypes shows that the landscape of construction land is the most dynamic landscapetype in the entire research period, followed by cultivated land.（ 2） The analysis of landscape pattern change shows that: at the landscape level,the number of patches (NP), Shannon diversity index (SHDI), Shannon uniformityindex (SHEI), and Interspersion Juxtaposition Index (IJI) increased in the study areafrom 1980 to 2015; at the patch level, the number of patches of the forest land in thestudy area decreased; the number of patches of cultivated land and construction landincreased; the grassland IJI showed a long-term steady increase; the IJI of forest landis basically in a stable state with little overall change range; the aggregation index (AI)of construction land has increased.（ 3） The value of ecosystem services in the study area increased by 0.15 × 1010yuan over the 35 years. Among the various land types, grassland ecosystem services have the largest value, accounting for more than 60%, but the total amount decreasedby 5.5 × 106 yuan during the study period. According to the analysis of thecomposition of various ecosystem service values in the study area, The four functionsof hydrological regulation, climate regulation, soil conservation, and biodiversityprotection are the main ecosystem service functions in Altay region. It can be seenfrom the spatial differentiation characteristics of ecosystem service value in the studyarea that the high value area is mainly distributed in the northern mountainous area ofeach county in the study area, and the low value areas are mainly distributed in thesouth of Fuhai County, Fuyun county and Qinghe County; the hot spot area of ESV ismainly distributed in the northern Altai mountain area, and the cold spot area ismainly distributed in the southern desert of Altay area Region.（4） The correlation analysis of ecosystem service value and landscape pattern showsthat: according to the results of grey correlation analysis, the impact of landscapelevel index on ecosystem service value in the study area is: NP> CONTAG> LPI >SHEI> IJI. In the study area, the patch level index has a great impact on theecosystem service value: the aggregation index of grassland patch, water area,cultivated land and construction land, and the number of patches of forest land;landscape optimization strategies are mainly implemented in terms of improving thestructure of land use, increasing the utilization rate of land resources, focusing on theconstruction of ecological sources and accelerating the scientific management of landresources. |
| Subject Area | 环境科学 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/15446 |
| Collection | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 研究系统 |
| Affiliation | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| First Author Affilication | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 孙庆祥. 阿勒泰地区景观格局与生态系统服务价值分析[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2020. |
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